Citigroup recently agreed to pay $1.66 billion to Enron’s bankruptcy estate to settle legal claims it helped Enron’s management deceive investors. It is legally and ethically right to hold responsible those who help others commit crimes. It is surprising, however, that Citigroup agreed to the settlement given the U.S. Supreme Court’s January ruling in Stonebridge Investment Partners, LLC v. Scientific-Atlanta, Inc.

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Ethics has become a buzzword in today’s business society. But what does it mean to be an ethical leader or company? This paper looks at recent research that shows where corporate America is today on the ethics continuum, evaluates the effectiveness of formal ethics programs, details two case studies on companies who experienced an ethical breakdown, and concludes by illustrating the importance of an ethical culture.

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In the heat of this presidential race, we are bombarded with political advertising touting each candidate’s qualifications. But would anyone of them be a truthful president? The prospects of such are not good. It seems as if we have caught every presidential candidate telling lies to gain votes and win delegates. Too many Americans accept lying as simply part of politics. Does it matter if presidential candidates sometimes lie to us?

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